Musicology Annotation << Back Concert for Birds With the Orchestra «Cantus Arcticus» by E. Rautavaara as an Example of Concrete Music of the Second Half of the ХХ Century . Makina Anna Concerto for birds with orchestra «Cantus Arcticus» by E. Rautavaara represents an example of the original concept of the work, associated with an experiment in the fi eld of acoustic space and electronic music as a synthesis of onomatopoeic instruments of a symphony orchestra and an audio recording of original bird song. The purpose of the article is a musical theoretical analysis of this composition as an example of concrete music. The objectives of the work include consideration of the means of musical expressiveness characteristic of neo-romanticism, the features of texture as a result of a combination of electronic and acoustic sound, sound imaging techniques based on structural combinatorics. The undertaken study of the concerto showed that the use of elements of aleatorics, the twelve-tone system, combinatorics of stable and mobile corresponds to the new goals and objectives of composers of the second half of the ХХ century. Keywords: concrete music, sound writing, groups, dodecaphony, combinatorics, permutation, variation, limited aleatorics. DOI: 10.25791/musicology.11.2023.1347 Pp. 19-28.